In the Kotter model of organizational change, which step involves establishing a guiding coalition?

• A. Creating urgency
• B. Communicating the vision
• C. Building a guiding coalition
• D. Generating short-term wins

Answer: (C)

In Kotter’s change model, establishing a guiding coalition means bringing together a group of influential, credible leaders from across the organization who can champion the change, provide legitimacy, and drive the effort forward. This step is essential because broad-based leadership helps overcome resistance, aligns diverse stakeholders, and ensures the change has the necessary authority and resources to move forward. Creating urgency and communicating the vision focus on motivating people and outlining goals, while generating short-term wins builds momentum; they rely on a strong coalition to execute. Without assembling this guiding coalition, the change effort can struggle to gain legitimacy and sustain momentum.