Which of the following is within the scope of practice for nurse practitioners?

• A. Perform physical exams
• B. Diagnose illnesses
• C. Interpret labs
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

Nurse practitioners are trained to evaluate patients through a comprehensive physical exam, develop a diagnosis based on findings, and interpret laboratory results to guide treatment. These activities are fundamental parts of NP practice, and in many jurisdictions NPs also order tests and manage care, including prescribing when authorized. Because performing exams, diagnosing illnesses, and interpreting labs are all within their typical responsibilities, the best choice is all of the above. Keep in mind that the exact level of independence can vary by location, with some places allowing full practice authority and others requiring collaboration, but these core functions remain central to NP practice.